Heart palpitations are sensations of an irregular or rapid heartbeat that may feel like fluttering, pounding, or racing in the chest. These sensations can be occasional or frequent and may vary in intensity. While heart palpitations are often benign and can occur in healthy individuals, they can sometimes indicate underlying cardiovascular conditions. Common causes of palpitations include stress, anxiety, or panic attacks, which can trigger the release of adrenaline and affect heart rate. Other causes may include excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption, certain medications, or hormonal changes, such as those associated with pregnancy or menopause. Additionally, heart palpitations can be related to arrhythmias, which are abnormal heart rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation or premature ventricular contractions. Conditions like thyroid disorders or anemia can also contribute to palpitations.
Treatment for heart palpitations typically focuses on addressing the underlying cause and managing symptoms. For palpitations triggered by stress or anxiety, relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises, meditation, and lifestyle changes like reducing caffeine or alcohol intake can be effective. If an underlying arrhythmia is identified, treatment may include medications to regulate heart rhythm, lifestyle modifications, or procedures such as electrical cardioversion or ablation to correct the abnormal rhythm. For palpitations associated with thyroid disorders or anemia, treating the primary condition with appropriate medications or therapies can help alleviate symptoms. It is important to seek medical evaluation if palpitations are accompanied by other symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, or fainting, as these could indicate more serious heart conditions. A healthcare provider may perform diagnostic tests such as an electrocardiogram (ECG), Holter monitor, or echocardiogram to determine the cause and guide appropriate treatment.
